Adjective clauses can appear in a reduced form. In the reduced form, the adjective clause connector and the be-verb that directly follow it are omitted.
The woman WHO IS waving to us is the tour guide.
The letter WHICH WAS written last week arrived today.
The pitcher THAT IS on the table is full of iced tea.
Each of these sentences may be used in the complete form or in the reduced form. In the reduced form the connector who, which or that is omitted along with the be-verb is or was.
If there is no be-verb in the adjective clause, it is till possible to have a reduced form. Whe there is no be-verb in the adjective clause, the connector is omitted and the verb is changed into the -ing form.
REDUCED ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
* To reduce an adjective clause, omit the adjective clause connector/subject and the be-verb.
* If there is no be-verb, omit the connector/subject and change the main verb to the -ing form.
* Only reduce and adjective clause if the connector/subject is directly followed by the verb.
* If an adjective clause is set off with commas, the reduced clause can be moved to the front of the sentence.
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